Imaging Tests
Imaging studies are typically recommended when your urologist suspects advanced prostate cancer—especially if you have a very high PSA level, a high Gleason score, or significant tumor burden. The following imaging studies may be used:
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Bone Scan: A small amount of radioactive material is injected into a vein. Special X-rays are then taken to detect any spread of cancer to the bones.
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Prostascint Scan: This test helps evaluate soft tissue involvement beyond the bones. It is available at select specialized centers.
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Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: This computerized imaging technique provides detailed cross-sectional images of the body, especially the pelvic lymph nodes and other soft tissues.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI offers high-resolution, cross-sectional images using magnetic fields. In some cases, an endorectal coil MRI—using a probe inserted into the rectum—is used to provide more detailed visualization of the prostate and surrounding structures.
When Imaging Is Not Required:
Patients with a low Gleason score (6 or below) and a PSA level under 10 ng/mL typically do not need further imaging studies.
High-Risk Patients:
Patients with high clinical stages, high Gleason scores, and/or elevated PSA levels are considered high-risk. For these individuals, imaging studies, such as bone scans and CT scans, are often recommended. Additionally, a pelvic lymph node dissection may be beneficial. In certain cases, even patients with high Gleason scores but low PSA levels may need staging with appropriate imaging studies.